Original article | Journal of Migration and Settlement Studies 2023, Vol. 1(1) 93-110
Bosniak Muhajirs in Vardar Macedonia Between the Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Balkan Wars (1908-1912/13)
Vedat Bajrami & Redžep Škrijelj
pp. 93 - 110 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/jomiss.2023.560.7 | Manu. Number: MANU-2305-28-0001.R1
Published online: June 21, 2023 | Number of Views: 133 | Number of Download: 229
Abstract
The continuous process of migration of Bosniaks reflects only a slight segment of the difficult history of the heterogenous Balkan territories. Instead of a conclusion, the entire situation is becoming even more complex with the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary. The consequent Balkan Wars (1912/1913), marked the end of Ottoman rule, the division, and abduction of the territories of Vardar Macedonia. The Treaty of Bucharest (August 1913) led to the fragmentation of Macedonia, which was put into effect with the simultaneous occupation of Vardar Macedonia by the Kingdom of Serbia. This act fulfilled the decades-long dream of the Serbian bourgeoisie to occupy the crucial Moravian-Vardar Valley. On the other hand, the reputation and gradual internationalization of the Macedonian Issue, which was permanently aggravated by the expansionism of its neighbors, became more significant. The number of conscripts, martyrs, and other victims of the war was enormous. The fate of the war also forced Bosniak Muhajirs to fight in the ranks of opposing armies. Together with the Ottomans, many Bosniak families began moving towards Asia Minor, meanwhile, they resided briefly on Macedonian territory. Their departure marked the final abandonment of several crucial enclaves where almost three decades earlier began the difficult story of Bosniak Muhajir history in Macedonia.
Keywords: Macedonia, Bosniaks, Balkan Wars, Muhajirs, Ottoman Empire
| How to Cite this Article? |
|---|
|
APA 6th edition Harvard Chicago 16th edition |
| References |
|---|
|
ARCHIVE OF SERBIA (АS), Belgrade, Ministarstvo inostranih dela (MID), f. Prosvetno privredno odeljenje (PPO), no. 1964, 10. В. 1906, „I“ shelf 799/1906. ARCHIVE OF SERBIA (АС), Belgrade, Ministarstvo inostranih dela (MID), f. Prosvetno privredno odelenje, no. 5564 (13. IX 1910, „i“, red. 108 (1910) ARCHIVE OF SERBIA (AC), Belgrade, Ministarstvo inostranih dela (MID), f. Prosvetno privredno odelenje (PPO), br. 215, 4. V 1911. (Pismo srpskog generalnog konzula u Solunu, Živojina Balugdžića). ARCHIVE OF SERBIA (AC), Belgrade, Ministarstvo inostranih dela (MID), f. Prosvetno privredno odelenje (PPO), no. 7161, 3. XII 1911. (red. 122/1911.) ARCHIVE OF SERBIA: Min. Inostranih Dela, Prosvetno-propagandno odeljenje, F. IV, 1-2, dok. III, br. 4272. ARCHIVE OF YUGOSLAVIA, Belgrade, Ministarstvo inostranih dela Kraljevine Srbije, Fond Jovana Jovanovića Pižona, PP, br. 756 (10. 2. 1910). STATE ARCHIVE OF REPUBLIC OF NORT MACEDONIA (DRŽAVEN ARHIV NA REPUBLIKA MAKEDONIJA), Skopje: - F: Foreign office (FO) 371/1505/47817 (М-1965) - F: Foreign office 371/1506/48282 (М-1965) - F: Foreign office 371/1507/50278 (М- 1965). - F: Foreign office 371-1508-53714 (M-1966) - F: Foreign office 371/1507/50525 (M-1966) Reviews ANASTASSIADOU, Meropi, Tanzimat Çağında Bir Osmanlı Şehri Selanik, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul 2001. APOSTOLOV, Aleksandar, “Kolonizacija na Muhadžirite vo Makedonija i rastrojstvoto na čifčiskite odnosi kon krajot na XIX vek do 1912. godina”, Glasnik na Institutot za nacionalna istorija, year 4, Skopje, 1960. APOSTOLOV, Аleksandar, “Muhadžir,(i)”, Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, knj. 6, JLZ, Zagreb, MCMLXV. ARTUÇ, İbrahim, Balkan Savaşı, İstanbul 1988. Britanski Konzuli U Makedoniji 1797-1915 (dokumenti), State Archives of the Republic of Macedonia, Skopje 2002. CLOGG, Richard, A short history of Modern Greece, Cambridge: Cambridge University press, 1979. DEMIRAY, Kemal, Temel Türkçe Sözlük, İstanbul 1980. Documents diplomatiques français (1871-1914), c. IV, bölge 146, TTK Ankara. ĐURIĆ, Slobodan, Dnevnik pobeda Srbija u Balkanskim ratovima 1912-1913, Belgrade 1988. Forced Migration And Mortality In The Ottoman Empire (http://a.pk40.net/m/fd/Forced Displacement.pdf). GALEV, Dimitar, Beloit teror vo jugoistočna Makedonija (1910-1941), kn. I, Štip 1991. GRAVIJE, Gaston, “Emigracija muslimana iz Bosne i Hercegovine”, Pregled, no. 7-8, Sarajevo (15 January) 1911, p. 107-116. HALAÇOĞLU, Ahmet, Balkan Harbi Sırasında Rumeli’den Türk Göçleri (1912-13), TTK, Ankara 1995. HANDŽIĆ, Mehmed, “Rad bosanskohercegovačkih Muslimana na književnom polju”, Glasnik IVZ, I, 1, Sarajevo 1933. İPEKÇİ, Vahit, Dr. Nâzım Bey’in Siyasal Yaşamı, Yeditepe Üniversitesi Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü, İstanbul 2006. Istorija Na Makedonskiot Narod, INI, Skopje 2008. J. J., “Zadužbina vojvode Relje u Štipu”, Politika, Wednesday, 28 November 1928. JOSIMOVSKA, E.-ЈOSIMOVSKI, Ј.-JOSIMOVSKA, V., “Bošnačkoto maalo vo Štip do i po Balkanskite vojni”, Bošnjacite na Balkanot, Skopje 2003. JOSIMOVSKA, Verica-CACKOV, Oliver, “Kulturata i prosvetata vo Štip vo vreme na balkanskite vojni”, Zbornik: četvrta megjunarodna naučna konferencija «Megjunaroden dijalog: Istok - Zapad» (Kultura, Slavjanstvo i Ekonomija), Sveti Nikole, R. Makedonija - Tambov, Russian Federation, 2013. KOCACIK, Faruk, “Balkanlar’dan Anadolu’ya Yönelik Göçler (1878-1890)”, Osmanlı Araştırmaları, I, İstanbul 1980. KONDEV, Тodor, Osnovni prirodno-geografski odliki na Zletovskata oblast i naselenieto i stopanstvoto na Probištipskata oblast, Zletovska oblast (geografsko-istoriski osvrt), Skopje 1947. KOTLAR TRAJKOVA, Nataša-GOŠEVA, Vera, “Sudbinata na civilnoto naselenie vo Solun za vreme na Balkanskite vojni”, 100 godini od Balkanskite vojni (Contribution from a scientific symposium on 3 and 4 December 2012), Macedonian Academy of Arts and Sciences, Skopje 2003. MAZOWER, Mark, Salonica, City of ghosts: Christians, Muslims, and Jews, 1430-1950, New York: Vintage 2006. MCCARTHY, Justin, Death and Exile, Princeton, New Jersey: Darwin 1995. MCCARTHY, Justin, “Muslim Refugees in Turkey: The Balkan Wars, World War I, and the Turkish War of Independence”, Humanist and Scholar, Ed. Heath W. Lowry-Donald Quataert, İstanbul 1993. MEHMEDOVIĆ A., Džemail, Memoarske bilješke, Hasanbegovo, Skoplje 1972. Migracii Na Balkanot (Bilateralni istražuvanja), INI, Skopje 2011. NUREDIN, A., Balkanlardan Türkiye’ye Göç ve Etkileri, Çağla Yayıncılık, Ankara 2011. NUREDIN, A., Osmanlı Sonrası Makedonya, Matüsiteb Yay., Üsküp 2008. ORTAKOVSKI, Vladimir, Malcinstvata na Balkanot, Skopje 1998. PAVLOVIĆ, Jeremija, Maleševo i Maleševci (etnološka ispitivanja), Belgrade 1928. Poranešnite Balkanski Vojni (1912-1912), Izveštaj na Karnegievata balkanska komisija, Magor, Skopje 2000. SAYGILI, Hasip (2013), “Birinci Dünya Harbi’nde Rumeli’nden Osmanlı Ordusuna Müslüman Gönüllü Katılımları”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 18, Ankara 2013. SAMARDŽIĆ, Nikola, “Stvarnost institucionalizovanog ranog osmanskog multikulturalizma: pravo i sudovi u imperijalnoj strukturi i svakodnevnici”, Novopazarski zbornik, br. 32, Novi Pazar 2006, p 51-61. SCHMID, Ferdinand, Bosnien und Herzegovina unter der Verwaltung Österreich-Ungarn, Leipzig 1914. Štip Niz Vekovite, 1981, Štip. ŠKRIJELJ, Redžep (ŞKRIYEL, Recep), “Çerkesler, Tatarlar ve Мakedonya›daki diğer Kavkas Muhacirleri”, BAL-TAM Türklük Bilgisi, no. 4, Prizren, Mart 2006. ŠKRIJELJ, Redžep, Muhadžirskata kriza i naseluvanjeto na Bošnjacite vo Makedonija (1875-1901), Bigos, Skopje 2006. TODOROVSKI, Gligor, “Kon prašanjeto na migracionite dviženja vo vremeto od 1878-1912 godina”, Istorija (spisanie na Sojuzot na istoriskite društva na SR Makedonija), god. III, br. 1, Skopje 1967. TODOROVSKI, Gligor, “Prilog kon prašanjeto za sostojbata na muslimanskite iselenici (muadžiri) vo Makedonija po Mladoturskata revolucija”, Glasnik INI, br. 1-2, Skopje 1982. TODOROVSKI, Gligor, “Sostojbata na muslimanskite iselenici (muadžiri) vo Makedonija po mladoturskata revolucija”, Srpsko-makedonskite odnosi vo minatoto, NIO “Studentski zbor”, Skopje 1987. TRIFUNOSKI, Jovan, “Dva čerkeska sela u okolini Skoplja”, Geografski horizont, y-III, no. 3-4, Zagreb 1957. TRIFUNOSKI, Јovan, “O Čerkezima u Makedoniji”, Etnografski pregled, br. 2, Beograd 1963. TRIFUNOSKI, Jovan, “Raseljena sela u Skopskoj Kotlini”, Zbornik za narodni život i običaje Južnih Slavena, br. 43, JAZU, Zagreb 1967. TROTSKY, Leon, The War Correspondence of Leon Trotsky. The Balkan Wars 1912-13, (translated by Brian Pearce), New York, Monad Press; Australia, Pathfinder Press 1993. TROTSKY, Leon, My Life, An Attempt at Autobiography, Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York 1930. TODOROVA, Maria, “War and Memory: Trotsky’s War Correspondence from the Balkan Wars”, Perceptions, Volume XVIII, no. 2, Summer 2013. TUCOVIĆ, Dimitrije, Srbija i Albanija (jedan prilog kritici zavojevačke politike srpske buržoazije), Belgrade, Kultura, 1946. TURAN, Ö., The Turkish Minority in Bulgaria, 1878-1908, TTK, 1998. ZEBIĆ, Milutin, “Unutrašnja kolonizacija u vezi agrarne reforme”, Almanah udruženja pravnika, Belgrade 1921. |
.jpeg)
