Jomiss   |  e-ISSN: 2980-2628

Original article | Journal of Migration and Settlement Studies 2023, Vol. 1(2) 182-193

Afghan Migration to Pakistan Causes and Impacts: A Study of Zia ul Haq Era (1985-1988)

Aqsa Zafar

pp. 182 - 193   |  DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/jomiss.2023.620.3   |  Manu. Number: MANU-2308-21-0003.R3

Published online: December 27, 2023  |   Number of Views: 120  |  Number of Download: 311


Abstract

This abstract gives a general overview of the Afghan migration phenomena that took place between 1985 and 1988 against the turbulent sociopolitical background of Afghanistan. Several reasons, notably the Soviet-Afghan War, internal unrest, economic instability, and regional geopolitics, contributed to the exodus at this time. This essay examines the factors that led to Afghan migration during this crucial period and its patterns and effects. A variety of primary and secondary sources, such as historical documents, scholarly studies, and eyewitness narratives, are consulted in this study. It focuses on nearby states like Pakistan and Iran, which acted as the main host countries, and investigates the causes of Afghan refugees and the many travel routes they took. The article explores the difficulties Afghan migrants encounter, such as their issues in relocating and assimilating into their host nations. Additionally, the abstract aims to deal with how governments, international organizations, and humanitarian groups struggled to aid and safeguard the Afghan population that had been displaced due to the migratory issue in Afghanistan. It examines how humanitarian programs, refugee camps, and diplomatic activities may all help meet the urgent needs of Afghan refugees. Debates of the national assembly are a major source of this article.

Keywords: Afghan, Migrants, Refugees, Zia ul Haq


How to Cite this Article?

APA 6th edition
Zafar, A. (2023). Afghan Migration to Pakistan Causes and Impacts: A Study of Zia ul Haq Era (1985-1988) . Journal of Migration and Settlement Studies, 1(2), 182-193. doi: 10.29329/jomiss.2023.620.3

Harvard
Zafar, A. (2023). Afghan Migration to Pakistan Causes and Impacts: A Study of Zia ul Haq Era (1985-1988) . Journal of Migration and Settlement Studies, 1(2), pp. 182-193.

Chicago 16th edition
Zafar, Aqsa (2023). "Afghan Migration to Pakistan Causes and Impacts: A Study of Zia ul Haq Era (1985-1988) ". Journal of Migration and Settlement Studies 1 (2):182-193. doi:10.29329/jomiss.2023.620.3.

References

    AHMAD, Mushtaq, Government and Politics in Pakistan, Royal Book Company, 1970.

    BURKI, Shahid Javed, Pakistan Under the Military Eleven Years of Zia-ul-Haq, Westview Press, 1980.

    HAQQANI, Hussain,  Pakistan: Between Mosque and Military, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,  2005.

    JAVAID, S.H, Journal Hakomat, Nazar Publications, Karachi, 1999.

    MUNIR, Muhammad, From Jinnah to Zia, Sani H. Panhwar, 2018.

    SHAH, Aqil, The Army and Democracy: Military Politics in Pakistan, Harvard University Press, 2014.

    TAJAMMAL HUSSAIN, Malik, The Story of My Struggle, Jang Publishers, 1991.

    Debates

    Pakistan, National Assembly. 1985. 2nd session., Official Report (26th  May 1985), 76-80.

    Pakistan, National Assembly. 1985. 2nd   session., Official Report (28th  May 1985), 366-385.

    Pakistan, National Assembly. 1985. 2nd session., Official Report (30th  May 1985), 580-83.

    Pakistan, National Assembly. 1985. 2nd session., Official Report (11th  June 1985), 1942-77.